{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    " # 基本輸入及輸出 - I/O and comment"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "本章節內容大綱\n",
    "* [輸出](#輸出)\n",
    "* [讀入](#讀入)\n",
    "* [加入註解](#加入註解)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    " ## 輸出"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 使用雙引號或單引號印出一行字串，使用三引號可印出一段字串\n",
    "print('hello world')\n",
    "print(\"hello world\")\n",
    "print('''♪ღ♪*•.¸¸.•*¨¨*•.♪ღ♪*•.¸¸.•*¨¨*•.♪ღ♪\n",
    "░H░A░P░P░Y░♪░B░I░R░T░H░D░A░Y░\n",
    "♪ღ♪*•.¸¸.•*¨¨*•.♪ღ♪*•.¸¸.•*¨¨*•.♪ღ♪''')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 用逗號分隔字串(或變數)，印出效果為空格\n",
    "print('hello', 'world')\n",
    "\n",
    "print('I am', 18, 'years old.')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# print 預設會在結尾換行，若要印出且不換行，在後面加入 end=''\n",
    "print('hello', end='')\n",
    "# 則下一次輸出會接在同一行的後面\n",
    "print('world')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 印出帶有變數字串，在要印變數的地方輸入變數的 format code，並在字串後面輸入 % 後擺放變數\n",
    "# format code: 整數 %d, 浮點數 %f, 字串 %s\n",
    "# format code 的詳細部分會在後面章節說明。\n",
    "\n",
    "# 第一種方法\n",
    "aPrice = 40\n",
    "print(\"An apple cost %d dollars.\" % aPrice)\n",
    "\n",
    "# 印出帶有多變數字串，在要印變數的地方依序輸入變數的 format code，並在字串的後面將變數依序擺放至小括號。\n",
    "bPrice = 15\n",
    "\n",
    "print(\"An apple cost %d dollars and a banana cost %d.\" % (aPrice, bPrice))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 第二種方法\n",
    "# format string，用需要印出變數的地方輸入大括號，並在字串後面以 .format() 填入對應的變數\n",
    "# 此方法的好處是不用記 format code。\n",
    "print(\"An apple cost {} dollars and a banana cost {}.\".format(aPrice, bPrice))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 第三種方法\n",
    "# f-string，直接將變數以大括號包著，置入字串中輸出\n",
    "# 目前最推薦的印出方式，相較於前兩種既直覺又彈性。\n",
    "print(f'An apple cost {aPrice} dollars and a banana cost {bPrice}.')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    " ## 讀入"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "name = input()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# input有互動性功能，可在括號內鍵入互動字串與使用者傳達訊息\n",
    "name = input('Please enter your name:')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 加入註解"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 單行註解在開頭鍵入井字號\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "    多行註解則在前後各加入三個雙引號\n",
    "    如此一來可以在引號區間內不限制地加入註解唷\n",
    "    /\\︵-︵/\\\n",
    "    |(◉)(◉)|\n",
    "    \\ ︶V︶ /\n",
    "    /↺↺↺↺\\\n",
    "    ↺↺↺↺↺|\n",
    "    \\↺↺↺↺/\n",
    "    ¯¯/\\¯/\\¯\n",
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "print()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "-----\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Quiz"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# quiz1:\n",
    "\n",
    "# 分別使用 input() 輸入你的名字、性別、年齡\n",
    "# 並使用三種 print() 分別輸出一段包含這些資料的句子。\n",
    "# print(\"\" %())\n",
    "# print(\"\").format())\n",
    "# print(f'')\n",
    "\n",
    "# 選一個之後你主要要用來 print 的方式 (推薦 f-string)"
   ]
  }
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